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Spiralling bridging costs
The Good, The Bad and The Ugly of Bridging Loans The Different Ways Interest is Calculated on a Bridging Loan
Spiralling bridging costs

The Different Methods Used to Calculate Interest On Bridging Loans

Here we explain the different methods used by bridging lenders to calculate interest on bridging loans, detailing the differences between roll-up interest, retained interest and serviced interest.

We explain in detail why retained interest is less favourable to borrowers than roll-up, and how it comes to cost that much more.

Bridging Loan Interest Rates and What Borrowers Should Consider

Unlike most mortgages and loans, where interest rates are typically quoted as an annual percentage, bridging loan rates are usually expressed as a monthly percentage. For example 0.75% per month (which is equivalent to 9% pa)

The main reason for this is due to the short-term nature of bridging finance. Bridging loans can run for only a few months, so quoting the interest rate on a monthly basis, makes it easier for borrowers to understand and estimate the likely cost of the loan, rather than working from an annual figure then dividing it down.

For example: If working out how much interest there is on a £100,000 loan that is paid back after 2 months, it is easier to work with 0.75% per month than with 9% pa.

When comparing different bridging loan options, it is important to understand how the interest is calculated, because there are three different methods that lenders use:

  1. Roll-up interest
  2. Retained interest
  3. Serviced (pay monthly) interest

It is often not very clear on loan offers or agreements which method is used.

Each method can affect the overall cost of the loan, so it is important to understand the differences to help assess which potential loan option offers the best value, whilst also considering how a serviced interest option will affect cash flow during the loan term.

The vast majority of bridging loans are taken out with roll-up or retained interest, because borrowers do not want the added burden of making monthly interest payments, especially when the loan is being used to fund a building project or a house move.

Regulated bridging loans use roll-up interest, a method when compared to retained interest, favours the borrower.

Unregulated bridging loans can use either roll-up or retained methods. However, they are usually written using retained interest, which is more favourable to the lender. A small number of lenders do write their unregulated bridging loans using the roll-up method, which in our opinion is a very good practice.

How Roll-Up Interest Works

With roll-up interest, the interest is added to the loan balance each month, where it compounds on the increasing balance. It is then paid when the loan is redeemed.

This means the borrower does not have to make any monthly interest payments during the term of the loan.

For example

A £100,000 net loan (the borrower receives £100,000) charged at 1% per month, using roll-up interest would be charged interest as follows:

Loan amount£100,000 
Month  
1£1,000£101,000
2£1,010£102,010
3£1,020£103,030
4£1,030£104,060
5£1,041£105,101
6£1,051£106,152
7£1,062£107,214
8£1,072£108,286
9£1,083£109,369
10£1,094£110,462
11£1,105£111,567
12£1,116£112,683
   
Total loan amount after 12 months£112,683
Total interest charged£12,683
Compound interest - amount charged£683

Please Note: Our bridging loan calculator uses the roll-up interest method for its quotes.

How Retained Interest Works

With retained interest, the lender calculates the interest for the full agreed term of the loan at the outset and deducts it from the loan when the funds are released. Similar to the roll-up method, no monthly payments are required to be made.

If the loan is repaid earlier than expected, most lenders will refund the unused portion of the retained interest, although this will depend on the lender’s terms and conditions, so this is something to look out for and check when choosing which lender you would like to use.

An simple example of retained interest: A borrower visits a lender who lends them £100,000 in cash for 12 months, at 1% per month on a retained basis. Before passing the £100,000, the lender first removes 12 months interest at 1% per month from the loan amount. This therefore leaves the borrower with a net £88,000 (£100,000 gross - £12,000 interest = £88,000 net). So, in effect the borrower actually has a loan of £88,000 and they have to pay back to the lender £100,000 in 12 months time.

This may look strange to the borrower who has £88,000 in his hand but their first monthly interest charge at 1% per month is £1,000 and not the £880 that they may have expected.

If the borrower had instead borrowed £88,000 at 1% per month on a roll up interest basis, his first monthly interest charge would have been £880.

A comparison example

A £100,000 net loan charged at 1% per month using retained interest:

Loan amount£100,000 
Month  
1£1,136£101,136
2£1,136£102,272
3£1,136£103,409
4£1,136£104,545
5£1,136£105,681
6£1,136£106,818
7£1,136£107,954
8£1,136£109,090
9£1,136£110,227
10£1,136£111,363
11£1,136£112,499
12£1,136£113,636
   
Total loan amount after 12 months£113,636
total interest charged£13,636
Difference between Roll-Up and Retained£953

The tables above show that, on a £100,000 loan at 1% per month over a 12-month term, the roll-up method produces a lower overall cost for the borrower than retained interest. In this example, roll-up is £953 cheaper, which is slightly less than the equivalent of one month’s interest.

Please Note: You can calculate retained interest by using our retained interest calculator.

Retained interest – longer loan terms are even more unfavourable to the borrower

If the term is extended to 18 months, the difference becomes even more significant. As shown in the table below, the additional cost of retained interest, when compared to roll-up, rises to £2,291 by the end of the full 18-month term.

Loan amount£100,000
MonthPaid Monthly Roll-up Interest Retained Interest
1£1,000£100,000 £1,000£101,000 £1,219£101,219
2£1,000£100,000 £1,010£102,010 £1,219£102,438
3£1,000£100,000 £1,020£103,030 £1,219£103,657
4£1,000£100,000 £1,030£104,060 £1,219£104,876
5£1,000£100,000 £1,041£105,101 £1,219£106,095
6£1,000£100,000 £1,051£106,152 £1,219£107,314
7£1,000£100,000 £1,062£107,214 £1,219£108,533
8£1,000£100,000 £1,072£108,286 £1,219£109,752
9£1,000£100,000 £1,083£109,369 £1,219£110,971
10£1,000£100,000 £1,094£110,462 £1,219£112,190
11£1,000£100,000 £1,105£111,567 £1,219£113,409
12£1,000£100,000 £1,116£112,683 £1,219£114,628
13£1,000£100,000 £1,127£113,809 £1,219£115,847
14£1,000£100,000 £1,138£114,947 £1,219£117,066
15£1,000£100,000 £1,149£116,097 £1,219£118,285
16£1,000£100,000 £1,161£117,258 £1,219£119,504
17£1,000£100,000 £1,173£118,430 £1,219£120,723
18£1,000£100,000 £1,184£119,615 £1,219£121,942
         
Total£18,000  £19,615  £21,942 

The difference is even more evident if the loan is repaid early. For example, if an 18 month loan is paid off after 12 months, a roll-up loan will cost the same as if it had originally been set up for 12 months, because interest is only charged for the time the loan is actually outstanding.

When compared to roll-up, the cost for retained interest is higher. This is because the interest is calculated and deducted upfront based on the full original term of the loan. So, the longer the loan is set up for at the start, the more expensive it will be to repay early under a retained interest structure. This is not because of a penalty clause in the loan agreement (although these may also exist meaning even more costs), it is simply the result of the way the interest is calculated.

In practical terms, this means a loan using retained interest instead of roll up, can cost about the same as paying an extra month’s interest over a 12-month term. Over an 18-month term, the difference can be closer to two months interest, as seen in the diagram above.

When compared to roll-up interest, you only pay for the time the loan has actually been running, so the original length of the loan term does not affect the interest charged if you repay early.

How Serviced Interest Works - Pay Monthly

With serviced interest, the borrower pays the interest each month, similar to a traditional mortgage. The loan balance does not increase, because the interest is paid as it accrues. This option is usually chosen by borrowers who have sufficient income or cash flow to comfortably cover the monthly payments.

Loan amount£100,000 
Month  
1£1,000£100,000
2£1,000£100,000
3£1,000£100,000
4£1,000£100,000
5£1,000£100,000
6£1,000£100,000
7£1,000£100,000
8£1,000£100,000
9£1,000£100,000
10£1,000£100,000
11£1,000£100,000
12£1,000£100,000
   
Total loan amount after 12 months£100,000
Total interest charged£12,000
Compound interest - amount charged£0

Paying the interest each month, or adding it to the loan, both have their advantages depending on the borrower’s circumstances.

For serviced interest borrowers will need to be able to demonstrate that they can afford to make the monthly repayments, something that is not usually required for roll-up or retained interest options.

By making the payments each month this avoids any compound interest, and also the disadvantages that come with retained interest.

Combining Paid Monthly with Roll-up or Retained Interest

Some bridging loans can be set up with a combination of interest being added and monthly payments being made.

For example:

  1. Interest added for the first 6 months and paid for the last 6
  2. Interest split each month, so that half is paid, and half is added to the loan balance to be paid at redemption.
Have you had a bad experience with a bridging loan or any other unregulated loan that was secured on property?

We would like to hear from anyone who has had a bad experience, having taken out a bridging loan or an unregulated first charge loan.

For long term loans, this includes interest rate reductions not being passed on.

The more information that we have will help us better understand what borrowers are experiencing. Read More

All information shared with us will be treated as private and confidential and will not be shared with anyone outside of KIS Finance Limited.

Depending on the circumstances, we may also be able to offer guidance, comment on what has happened, or simply share our thoughts. If we believe we can help or advise you, we will let you know.

Any help that we do provide will be completely free of charge. Even if we help you achieve a better outcome or improved settlement, there will be no charge.

Please contact us if:

  • You have had problems with a bridging lender or broker
  • Your bridging loan is/was on an unregulated agreement but secured against the property that you live/lived in
  • You have been charged excessive fees or costs, including:
    • renewal fees
    • default fees
    • default costs
    • high interest rates
    • default administration fees
    • collection fees
    • legal fees
  • LPA Receivers were appointed
  • The bridging lender moved you onto one of their own longer term finance products, for example a buy to let mortgage, that is expensive and you are tied into.
  • You experienced aggressive collection activity/tactics
  • Your property was repossessed
  • You were put under pressure and/or treated unfairly
  • You believe anything improper, misleading, or unusual may have taken place

We are interested in knowing more about:

  • Whether you fell behind with payments, went into arrears, were struggling financially, or went past the agreed loan term
  • Whether someone contacted you or your business offering to buy your property quickly at a reduced value
  • If your property was repossessed, do you know who eventually purchased it
  • How the property was sold — for example, at auction, through an estate agent, or to a property buyer
  • Whether the lender, or someone acting for the lender, bought or offered to buy your property – even if this was before the loan defaulted
  • If when approaching the end of your loan term, the lender gently or firmly proposed an introduction to someone who would buy your property – this can be for residential property, developments or high value commercial property
  • Any other details or experiences that seemed unusual or unfair

Borrowers with longer term loans – if you still have, or had, and old unregulated secured loan agreement taken out before the credit crunch in 2008, where the 13 year record low interest rates from 2009 to 2022 were not passed on. In other words if you had a loan that was not on a fixed rate taken out in 2008 or before, where the repayments or interest charges did not reduce despite the reduction in interest rates. Bank of England base rate was 5.25% in February 2008, 12 months later it was 1.0%, then dropped further, remaining under 1.0% for 13 years.

Contact us

Please use the form below or email ugly@kisfinance.co.uk in confidence, and tell us what happened and include as much detail as you can. Alternatively send your contact details and ask us to call you.